Monday, November 28, 2016

The Effects of Media on a Society


Then:  
The media has had an effect on the masses ever since the printed word came on the scene. Newspapers were a way to inform the people of what was going on in the world around them. Newspapers described everything from politics and crime to scandals and social or economic problems. The government realized that informing the masses meant that they could control their beliefs to some effect. If they had a gullible audience, information could easily be manipulated to convince anyone of anything. War time, especially the World Wars, provides the biggest example of the media testing its effect on an audience. The government attempted to promote America with figures like Rosy the Riveter and Uncle Sam. They were prime examples of pro-America. Newspapers were also flooded with pro-war articles. When radio was developed, it used the same techniques to persuade an audience into believing in a cause.
In the 1960s, media had an opposite effect on the masses. This time was a time of civil unrest. People did not feel equal and the newspapers, radio and television stations made sure to highlight the inequality of the nation. The government was no longer all mighty or inspiring. It was believed that they had too much control and that they regulated people to the point of snuffing out ideas. The media started to focus on showing real time footage of events around the nation as proof to back up their statements. This time was most important because it demonstrated how much the American people value the truth.

Now:
Media today has a large effect on how millennials behave in everyday life. This media influence is seen in anything from Barbie dolls, video games, movies, to the internet and so on. Teenagers base their style and the way they dress off of what the media shows to be “in”. If celebrities can wear it, it is a must have for most teens so that they can follow the status quo. Barbie dolls, movies, and models portray the “perfect girl”. It is meant to be believed that if you don’t have the correct body shape with a thin waist and long legs than you are not the ideal women and most men will reject you. That seems absurd, but a lot of females believe this because that is what the media portrays and males don’t help to deny that stereotype. Video games come in various genres, but the most popular ones are considered first person shooters. These are games in which you travel around a virtual world shooting things, most of the time people. A vast majority of scholars believe that these video games are the cause of the spike in violent acts in our nation. The mentality is, “If it’s so easy and okay to do it in a game, why can’t I do it in real life?”
Kids are growing up with a mixed view of right and wrong because the media is supposed to tell the truth. When you search for information on the internet you expect to get a truthful answer, right? This isn’t always the case. Anyone can make a webpage and put false information out there for people to find. People are spending immense amounts of time online and if the media they are subjected to is opinionated or false, audiences are more likely to be effected by the media in a negative way.
Later:
I have already covered that media has a large effect on the way people live their lives. Studies have even shown that obesity and the time spent on the internet or watching television have a correlation. I want to focus more on believing in things that aren’t real. I am speaking in part of the multiple life aspect involved in most video games. If children continue to grow up and play video games they will grow accustomed to having more than one life to complete their tasks. In real life, there is only one chance. You don’t just re-spawn and kids who aren’t aware of where real life and a video game differ could get themselves into some real trouble. I also speak of songs. Audio media is one of the worst kinds of influences on an audience. Rhyming words are catchy and easy to remember, so their meanings are always in the back of our minds. Most songs talk about living a life of no regrets and experiencing crazy things. In reality, successful regular people don’t go out and daily do what is said in a song. Those people don’t live too long to talk about their experiences.
Media doesn’t always have to have a negative effect on its audience. It keeps the world connected so we can help out around the world. When the media advertises starving children in Africa it uses techniques that make you feel bad and want to donate to the cause. When France was affected by terror attacks social media platforms of all kinds showed their support. It keeps the world sympathetic of one another. I fear that in the near future with virtual reality becoming such a popular form of viewing media and with a growing number of false webpages advertisers will take advantage of the new technology to manipulate people into believing something that isn’t true. People may funnel their money into someone’s pocket rather than to a good cause.

Sunday, November 27, 2016

Media Production, Operation, and Distribution


Then:
The first form of media that people had to learn to operate was radio. When it first hit the air waves people were entertained nightly by news, comedy shows, music, dramas, and serials. Producers popped up left and right creating content to try and be responsible for entertaining the masses. This caused a lot of interference on the air so the FCC had to regulate channels and air time. After the times of shows were worked out people had to be hired into radio companies to help produce and manage the material they were putting on the air. This included advertising for specific shows. Ads would pop up in between programs to let listeners know about anything from household goods to other radio shows. Ads were a way to earn money and more money meant more available for content on the air. When television first came on the air it was worked in the same way. Many radio shows even transitioned over to the television because it was easier to manage familiar content.
Production back in the day seems pretty simple to anyone working in the business now. Most production studios, especially for television, resembled a stage for a theater production. There were big, bright lights and ginormous cameras. Rehearsal schedules had to be planned around existing live shows and actors in television could no longer just read their lines like in radio. They had to memorize so that acting for the camera and audience seemed “real”. Distribution of the media included different radio stations and television stations, like ABC, NBC, and CBS, or it was advertisements. Ads like I said earlier not only helped to popularize a show, it helped pay for other content as well.

Now:
In today’s time there aren’t as many radio shows or personalities as there were even 40 years ago. Today most content that is operated, produced and distributed is via television, film, or the internet. Production in television has changed considerably. Most television shows now are filmed in advance so actors don’t have to worry about live performances. The quality is much better now because the post production editing and effects fix virtually all mistakes. Live television didn’t have that luxury. News today is still live, but they don’t have to memorize their lines. They read their lines off of a teleprompter. It is basically a television that scrolls the words a newscaster must inform the audience. To operate a television station is a big job. Most stations today not only have serial content, but a news platform as well. The stories they present to an audience have to be kept relevant and up to date or they’ll lose viewership. Without viewers, no one wants to sponsor a station, which in turn means that station will make no money. It is also hard to keep up a new station in today’s time because there is a lot of equipment to deal with. If even one piece of equipment crashes the whole station could be thrown into anarchy which would interrupt daily shows and the rehearsal of up and coming ones.
The internet is very important in todays’ distribution of media. Most, if not all, television stations have their own personal website. This website lists all of the current shows and information about them. It also has the option of streaming any episodes you missed live. Now people can follow a show with any kind of busy schedule. Keeping the webpage current is also a big operation job. If the content isn’t current viewers can’t be up to date and will get frustrated, which in turn, loses viewers. The internet is also a good way to advertise. People google search things every day. If your content isn’t on the internet there is a slimmer chance of it being found by anyone.

Later:
The future of distributed any content is via the internet. People stream shows online now, myself including. Online viewing creates a much more flexible viewing schedule which is ideal in our fast-paced world. Time means everything. Being able to enjoy a television show whenever you want is currently a luxury, but it will soon become the norm. Advertising media is becoming harder to do as well. It has visibly shown through films that people are less likely to watch something they aren’t familiar with. Stations started losing viewers due to the same reason. Therefore they started creating content that would have an existing fan base, or something that is relevant to society. For example, Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D is based on Marvel characters and The Walking Dead is about zombies. Those fan bases have existed for years so it is safe to assume that that content will more likely generate more viewership than something completely new.
The internet is a taboo medium. Translation: it can’t be strictly regulated. Operation and production of most media content involved following strict guidelines to avoid exposing the youth of our nation to profane and obscene material. On the internet it mostly free game. I think stations will want to produce more content on the internet in the future because it is 1) Cheaper to produce. It doesn’t include paying royalty fees for primetime slots. You just upload content. 2) Less regulated. Producers don’t have to worry about following many rules. Creators have free reign of what content is created and put into shows. And 3) It is easier for viewers to keep up with the content that is being put up. The future of most things is the internet, but this is especially true for the future of operating, producing, and distributing media.



The Evolution of the Feature Film Industry

Then:


When someone thinks about the feature film industry what do they think of first? Hollywood? I would. But did you know that isn’t where it started? Eventually they moved out to sunny California because it was exactly that: sunny. Sun helped to light the sets without the regular heavy equipment used to light an actors’ face in a live stage production. But when film first started it was in rainy New Jersey. Films were made indoors on stages like in theater so they had to use all the heavy equipment. One of the first theaters used for film was called the Black Maria and it was made by Thomas Jefferson; creator of the light bulb. In what is known as pre-production stories will get written and all the necessary details needed to start filming, like choosing actors, costumes, and set pieces, will be chosen, and flushed out. Then to start production the stage gets set and actors and actresses will act out their story without sound. Later, in what is known as post-production, music was added in to give the stories more life. If a scene needed to be changed or a cut needed to take place someone would literally have to cut the film reel and tape it back together.
The first films astonished the audience. They did not understand how “moving picture” worked, so they always came back to see what new thing was being shown. When producers saw that there would be no problem gaining an audience business started booming. With a booming business comes regulation. The Motion Picture Producers set up a code that ensured movies would stay within the guidelines of “good moral standards”. That is how the movie rating system we use now came to be in 1968. Before the rating system however came the Great Depression. The feature film industry was not exempt from the staggering decline. Producers knew that to overcome this tough time the industry needed to work harder than ever. People need entertainment like a movie during rough times. That is when the double feature was introduced. After that followed movies in color. It didn’t stop there. Ideas flew from writers of every genre. Your favorite book characters came to life. The industry was loved so much that schools were developed to ensure that future generations would be capable of keeping up with the entertainment standards of everyone, from children to adults.



Now:
As the feature film industry transitioned into the current generation entertainment was no longer a priority for production companies. It became all about the money. Companies began pouring millions of dollars into advertisements to hype up their movies. The main goal was to top the charts with a money-making feature film. If the ads caught your eyes you’d go see it in theaters and that’s what making a movie is all about. As the years went by technology became more advanced and production companies figured out ways to incorporate those advancements into their films. It started with CGI, or computer-generated imagery, in the 1990s. With CGI a film could include anything that exists in your imagination. Films like King Kong, Jurassic Park, and Star Wars all used this type of visual effect. Although, production companies have to be cautious of how much CGI they put into a film. Too much CGI makes a film look tacky and then it loses audience rating and revenue. After CGI came a revamp of 3D technology. It’s a revamp because originally audiences didn’t flock to theaters to see the new developments. Older audiences liked familiarity. This generation on the other hand loves to experiment and see something different. We experiment with new technology everyday so it was no surprise when films introduced something different, theaters were filled. For example, the film Avatar used a variety of different techniques and was considered a box office favorite.

Later:

The feature film industry has already started its decline. With so much streaming technology available people elect to wait for a movie to turn up online rather than spend money to go see it in the theater. That is why a lot of companies have elected to create content that is familiar. If the characters and plot line are already know people are more likely to see the remake in the theater. For example, in the upcoming years there are a lot of Marvel and DC comic book movies scheduled to make its way into the theater. People have read comics for ages and have imagined what they would look like on the big screen. Most fans would not pass up the opportunity to witness their childhood heroes on the big screen. To make up for lost revenue production companies have also attempted to convert book series into movies. Popular series like The Hunger Games, Harry Potter, and Divergent all hit the big screen and were big money makers. Cinemas have elected to start re-showing a beloved series to regain audiences.
If the feature film industry ever elects to start picking up random independent content again I believe they will take every chance to up the technology usage. In the future I could envision films that appear like a virtual reality. As you watch the movie you can look around at the scenery and feel involved with the action without having any true involvement in the movie, but who knows. Maybe one day films will be made more like video games where you can interact and control the outcome. Also I believe that in the future a lot of jobs will be lost to technology. Simple post production editing will be done by computers and humans will have a more limited role in the feature film industry.





Saturday, November 26, 2016

Opereating, Producing, and Distribution References

References


Internet of Things Is Changing How Media and Entertainment Companies Operate - eMarketer. Entertainment-Companies-Operate/1013545 (Opinion). Marketing, 18.

Hesmondhalgh, D., & Noonan, C. (2008). Media Production (Vol. 30).

Marquis, S. (2002, February 21). Are we producing media people who are advertising-illiterate? (2016, February 04). Retrieved November 12, 2016, from http://www.emarketer.com/Article/Internet-of-Things-Changing-How-Media-

Media Effects References


References

Film and Risk. (2012). Detroit, US: Wayne State University Press. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com

O'Keefe, G., & Reid-Nash, K. (1987). Crime News and Real-World Blues: The Effects of the Media on Social Reality. Communication Research, 14(2), 147-163.

Perse, E. M. (2000). Media Effects and Society. Mahwah, N.J.: Routledge.

Real Life Teens: Media, Impact And Influences. (2005). TMW Media. Kanopy.



Feature Film Industry References


References

Balio, T. (Ed.). (2014). American Film Industry (2). Madison, US: University of Wisconsin Press.
Hollywood banks on “super-franchises” to save the future of film. (2016, May 5). UWIRE Text, p. 1.
MUELLER: The future of film flames out. (2012, October 4). UWIRE Text, p. 1.
Polan, D. (2007). Scenes of Instruction : The Beginnings of the U.S. Study of Film (1). Berkeley, US: University of California Press.
Professor looks at the future of film. (2012, September 19). UWIRE Text, p. 1.
Schatz, T. (1997). Introduction. In C. Harpole (Ed.), History of the American Cinema 6. Boom and Bust: The American Cinema in the 1940s (Vol. 6, pp. 1-7). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

Sunday, October 9, 2016

Radio References

References

Baughman, J. S., Bondi, V., Layman, R., McConnell, T., & Tompkins,V. (2001). Radio. American Decades (Vol. 3). Detroit: Gale.
Dubber, A. (2013) Digital Media and Society: Radio in the digital age. Oxford, GB.
Javed, M. M. (2014, March 09). Radio today. Pakistan Observer (Islamabad, Pakistan), p. Pakistan Observer (Islamabad, Pakistan), March 9, 2014, Vol.25(126).
Profile: Emerging technology of digital radio.(8:00-9:00 PM)(Broadcast transcript). (2001). National Public Radio.
Radio. (2011). In A. J. Andrea & C. Neel (Eds.), World History Encyclopedia (Vol. 18, pp. 758-759). Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.ferris.edu/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=lom_ferrissu&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX2458803718&asid=49f84f54319ab05814aef5403aef8eac
Sawers, P. (2013). The future of radio. Retrieved from http://thenextweb.com/insider/2013/11/27/the-future-of-radio/#gref
Seelhorst, M. (1992). Americans listen in on the world with the invention of radio. (exhibit on the history of radio at the Henry Ford Museum). Popular Mechanics, 169(7), 34.
The modern age: the invention of radio ushered in the era of modern communications. Over the next century, communication technology just kept getting better and better ... (2009, March-April). Kayak - Canada's History Magazine for Kids, (26).
Young woman tuning a radio. (1920).